Environmental persistence and toxicity of dimethyl malonate and methyl salicylate
Fellows, RJ; Harvey, SD; Ligotke, MW; Cataldo, DA; Li, SW
HERO ID
4924633
Reference Type
Technical Report
Year
1990
Language
English
| HERO ID | 4924633 |
|---|---|
| Year | 1990 |
| Title | Environmental persistence and toxicity of dimethyl malonate and methyl salicylate |
| Authors | Fellows, RJ; Harvey, SD; Ligotke, MW; Cataldo, DA; Li, SW |
| Publisher Text | Department of Energy |
| City | Washington, DC |
| Abstract | To determine the potential environmental persistence and toxic effects of agent simulants Diethyl Malonate (DEM) and Methyl Salicylate (MS), plants, soils, earthworms, and oil microbial populations were exposed to projected aerosolized simulant concentrations of (approximately)100 (low) and (approximately)1000 (high) mg/m(sup 3). Both simulants exhibited biphasic residence times on foliar and soil surfaces following aerosol exposure. Half-times of DEM on soil and foliar surfaces were 1 to 3 h and 5 to 22 H, respectively, and 2 to 2 h and 5 to 31 h for the MS, respectively. Persistence was longer on the foliar surfaces than that of the soils. Both simulants proved phytotoxic to vegetation with a lower threshold of 1 to 2 (mu)m/cm(sup 2) for the MS versus that of 10 (mu)g/cm(sup 2) for the DEM. However, neither significantly affected chloroplast electron transport in vitro at concentrations of up to 100 (mu)g/mL. Results from in vitro testing of DEM indicated concentrations below 500 (mu)g/g dry soil generally did not adversely impact soil microbial activity, while the theshold was 100 (mu)g/g dry soil for MS. Earthworm bioassays indicated survival rates of 66% at soil doses of 204 (mu)g DEM/cm(sup 2) soil and 86% at soil doses of 331 (mu)g MS/cm(sup 2). |
| Report Number | DE91012775; PNL-SA-19465 |
| Ntis Number | DE91012775 |
| Is Certified Translation | No |
| Dupe Override | No |
| Number Of Pages | 14 |
| Is Public | Yes |
| Language Text | English |