The contribution of housing renovation to children's blood lead levels: A cohort study
Spanier, AJ; Wilson, S; Ho, M; Hornung, R; Lanphear, BP
HERO ID
2657544
Reference Type
Journal Article
Year
2013
Language
English
PMID
| HERO ID | 2657544 |
|---|---|
| In Press | No |
| Year | 2013 |
| Title | The contribution of housing renovation to children's blood lead levels: A cohort study |
| Authors | Spanier, AJ; Wilson, S; Ho, M; Hornung, R; Lanphear, BP |
| Journal | Environmental Health |
| Volume | 12 |
| Page Numbers | 72 |
| Abstract | Background: Routine renovation of older housing is a risk factor for childhood lead poisoning, but the contribution to children's blood lead levels is poorly defined for children with lower exposure levels. Methods: We examined a prospective cohort of 276 children followed from 6 to 24 months of age. We conducted surveys of renovation activities and residential lead hazards and obtained blood lead level (B-Pb) every six months. We analyzed B-Pb in a repeated measures design using a mixed effects linear model. Results: Parent reported interior renovation ranged from 11 to 25% of housing units at the four, 6-month periods. In multivariable analysis, children whose housing underwent interior renovation had a 12% higher mean B-Pb by two years of age compared with children whose housing units were not renovated (p < 0.01). The time between renovation and the child blood lead sample was associated with higher B-Pb (p-value for trend <0.01); compared to children in non-renovated housing, children whose housing units underwent renovation in the prior month had a 17% higher mean B-Pb at two years of age, whereas children whose housing renovation occurred in the prior 2-6 months had an 8% higher mean B-Pb. We also found an association between higher paint lead loading, measured using an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) based paint lead index, and child B-Pb (p = 0.02); for every 10 mg/cm2 increase in paint lead loading index there was a 7.5% higher mean childhood B-Pb. Conclusions: In an analysis of data collected before the recent changes to Environmental Protection Agency's Lead, Renovation, Repair and Painting Rule, routine interior housing renovation was associated with a modest increase in children's B-Pb. These results are important for the provision of clinical advice, for housing and public health professionals, and for policymakers. |
| Doi | 10.1186/1476-069X-12-72 |
| Pmid | 23981571 |
| Wosid | WOS:000323727600001 |
| Is Certified Translation | No |
| Dupe Override | No |
| Is Public | Yes |
| Language Text | English |
| Keyword | blood lead; lead; renovation; repair |