Comparative hepatic in vitro depletion and metabolite formation of major perfluorooctane sulfonate precursors in arctic polar bear, beluga whale, and ringed seal
Letcher, RJ; Chu, S; Mckinney, MA; Tomy, GT; Sonne, C; Dietz, R
HERO ID
2655759
Reference Type
Journal Article
Year
2014
Language
English
PMID
| HERO ID | 2655759 |
|---|---|
| In Press | No |
| Year | 2014 |
| Title | Comparative hepatic in vitro depletion and metabolite formation of major perfluorooctane sulfonate precursors in arctic polar bear, beluga whale, and ringed seal |
| Authors | Letcher, RJ; Chu, S; Mckinney, MA; Tomy, GT; Sonne, C; Dietz, R |
| Journal | Chemosphere |
| Volume | 112 |
| Page Numbers | 225-231 |
| Abstract | Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has been reported to be among the most concentrated persistent organic pollutants in Arctic marine wildlife. The present study examined the in vitro depletion of major PFOS precursors, N-ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamide (N-EtFOSA) and perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA), as well as metabolite formation using an assay based on enzymatically viable liver microsomes for three top Arctic marine mammalian predators, polar bear (Ursus maritimus), beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas), and ringed seal (Pusa hispida), and in laboratory rat (Rattus rattus) serving as a general mammalian model and positive control. Rat assays showed that N-EtFOSA (38 nM or 150 ng mL(-1)) to FOSA metabolism was >90% complete after 10 min, and at a rate of 23 pmol min(-1) mg(-1) protein. Examining all species in a full 90 min incubation assay, there was >95% N-EtFOSA depletion for the rat active control and polar bear microsomes, similar to 65% for ringed seals, and negligible depletion of N-EtFOSA for beluga whale. Concomitantly, the corresponding in vitro formation of FOSA from N-EtFOSA was also quantitatively rat approximate to polar bear > ringed seal >>> beluga whale. A lack of enzymatic ability and/or a rate too slow to be detected likely explains the lack of N-EtFOSA to FOSA transformation for beluga whale. In the same assays, the depletion of the FOSA metabolite was insignificant (p > 0.01) and with no concomitant formation of PFOS metabolite. This suggests that, in part, a source of FOSA is the biotransformation of accumulated N-EtFOSA in free-ranging Arctic ringed seal and polar bear. |
| Doi | 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.022 |
| Pmid | 25048910 |
| Wosid | WOS:000340688300030 |
| Is Certified Translation | No |
| Dupe Override | No |
| Is Public | Yes |
| Language Text | English |
| Keyword | polar bear; ringed seal; beluga whale; PFOS precursors; in vitro; hepatic metabolism |
| Is Peer Review | No |