Free radical biology and medicine: It's a gas, man!
Pryor, WA; Houk, KN; Foote, CS; Fukuto, JM; Ignarro, LJ; Squadrito, GL; Davies, KJA
HERO ID
195660
Reference Type
Journal Article
Subtype
Review
Year
2006
Language
English
PMID
| HERO ID | 195660 |
|---|---|
| Material Type | Review |
| In Press | No |
| Year | 2006 |
| Title | Free radical biology and medicine: It's a gas, man! |
| Authors | Pryor, WA; Houk, KN; Foote, CS; Fukuto, JM; Ignarro, LJ; Squadrito, GL; Davies, KJA |
| Journal | American Journal of Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology |
| Volume | 291 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Page Numbers | R491-R511 |
| Abstract | We review gases that can affect oxidative stress and that themselves may be radicals. We discuss O-2 toxicity, invoking superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and the hydroxyl radical. We also discuss superoxide dismutase (SOD) and both ground-state, triplet oxygen (O-3(2)), and the more energetic, reactive singlet oxygen (O-1(2)). Nitric oxide ((NO)-N-.) is a free radical with cell signaling functions. Besides its role as a vasorelaxant, (NO)-N-. and related species have other functions. Other endogenously produced gases include carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Like (NO)-N-., these species impact free radical biochemistry. The coordinated regulation of these species suggests that they all are used in cell signaling. Nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and the carbonate radical (CO3.-) react selectively at moderate rates with nonradicals, but react fast with a second radical. These reactions establish "cross talk" between reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Some of these species can react to produce nitrated proteins and nitrolipids. It has been suggested that ozone is formed in vivo. However, the biomarkers that were used to probe for ozone reactions may be formed by non-ozone-dependent reactions. We discuss this fascinating problem in the section on ozone. Very low levels of ROS or RNS may be mitogenic, but very high levels cause an oxidative stress that can result in growth arrest ( transient or permanent), apoptosis, or necrosis. Between these extremes, many of the gasses discussed in this review will induce transient adaptive responses in gene expression that enable cells and tissues to survive. Such adaptive mechanisms are thought to be of evolutionary importance. |
| Doi | 10.1152/ajpregu.00614.2005 |
| Pmid | 16627692 |
| Wosid | WOS:000239658800002N1 |
| Is Certified Translation | No |
| Dupe Override | No |
| Comments | N1-Free radical biology and medicine: it's a gas, man!N1-WOS:000239658800002N1-Times Cited: 76ID-93 |
| Is Public | Yes |
| Language Text | English |
| Keyword | antioxidants; antioxidant defense and repair; nitric oxide; carbon dioxide; hydrogen sulfide; carbon monoxide; ozone; hydrogen peroxide; dissolved gases; oxidants |
| Is Qa | No |