Air Pollution Particulate Matter Collected from an Appalachian Mountaintop Mining Site Induces Microvascular Dysfunction

Knuckles, TL; Stapleton, PA; Minarchick, VC; Esch, L; Mccawley, M; Hendryx, M; Nurkiewicz, TR

HERO ID

1551661

Reference Type

Journal Article

Year

2013

Language

English

PMID

22963349

HERO ID 1551661
In Press No
Year 2013
Title Air Pollution Particulate Matter Collected from an Appalachian Mountaintop Mining Site Induces Microvascular Dysfunction
Authors Knuckles, TL; Stapleton, PA; Minarchick, VC; Esch, L; Mccawley, M; Hendryx, M; Nurkiewicz, TR
Journal Microcirculation
Volume 20
Issue 2
Page Numbers 158-169
Abstract Objective Air pollution PM is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In Appalachia, PM from mining may represent a health burden to this sensitive population that leads the nation in cardiovascular disease, among others. Cardiovascular consequences following inhalation of PMMTM are unclear, but must be identified to establish causal effects. Methods PM was collected within 1mile of an active MTM site in southern WV. The PM was extracted and was primarily <10m in diameter (PM10), consisting largely of sulfur (38%) and silica (24%). Adult male rats were IT with 300g PMMTM. Twenty-four hours following exposure, rats were prepared for intravital microscopy, or isolated arteriole experiments. Results PMMTM exposure blunted endothelium-dependent dilation in mesenteric and coronary arterioles by 26%, and 25%, respectively, as well as endothelium-independent dilation. In vivo, PMMTM exposure inhibited endothelium-dependent arteriolar dilation (60% reduction). -adrenergic receptor blockade inhibited PVNS-induced vasoconstriction in exposed animals compared with sham. Conclusions These data suggest that PMMTM exposure impairs microvascular function in disparate microvascular beds, through alterations in NO-mediated dilation and sympathetic nerve influences. Microvascular dysfunction may contribute to cardiovascular disease in regions with MTM sites.
Doi 10.1111/micc.12014
Pmid 22963349
Wosid WOS:000315267200004
Is Certified Translation No
Dupe Override No
Comments Source: Web of Science WOS:000315267200004
Is Public Yes
Language Text English
Keyword air pollution particulate matter; circulation; endothelial dysfunction; cardiovascular disease; mountaintop mining